On the discussion about quantum physics physics, certainly we know that in quantum physics there are symptoms of nature that cannot be explained byclassical physics. The inability of classical theory in explaining the symptoms ofthis is so that the quantum quantum theory emerged. The emergence ofquantum theory to answer a variety of questions scientists at that time becamethe solution to the shortcomings of the classical theory. Max Planck and Albert.Einstei were two of many scientists pendri quantum physics are very influential.
Based on the theories of quantum physics, the questions become scientistsdebate has now been answered. One of the symptoms that have been answered by quantum physics is electrical photo effects. In this article we will discussabout the statement of the photoelectric effect, in which this article will explainthat what is actually gained from the experiment the photoelectric effect.
What is the effect of photo electricity?
The fundamental question that must be known before moving on to thediscussion of the subject matter.
Understanding
Photoelectric effect is physical symptoms was first discovered byHertz in 1887 when demonstrated the existence of electromagnetic waves. Onexperiments of tool comprising an antenna transmitter (receiver) waves, Hertzobserved that sparks the sparks that arise on the receivers will be more easilyoccur if the site of the spark sparks it is illuminated with light that comes fromthe spark Sparks on the transmitter. A year later, Hallwachs observed that a zincplate, which is more negative than their surroundings, will undergo electronpelepasa if diseinari with ultraviolet light as a flow of negative charges, it was only known that the propagation of elektronlah which became the reason of occurrence of this process.
Semi-quantitative analysis of the symptoms of the photoelectric effect was firstdone by Philips Lenard in 1902. In his experiment, lenard using a glass tubeinside divakumkan there are two electrodes. one of these electrodes known ascathode light (photocathode) made of aluminum. This is illuminated by the light of cathode. Other electrode called the anode potential, given the greater Unegatively to cathode. If the electron is negatively charged e can pass between the two bedapotensial eletrode. It will be detected on the current series of outertube. From this experiment, lenard observed that there is a current surge if the absolute value of the potential is far below the threshold value. The thresholdvalue depends on the light source used.
at that time, the theory of physics cannot explain these observations and resultsin deadlock here's comes a Patent clerk in Switzerland with a third-classengineer Office, Albert Einstein.
Einstein with idea of using Planck's main theoretical explanation provides the observations against the symptoms of efekfotolistrik. In the latter part of his paper entitled On a heuristic point of view concerning the production andconevrsion of light, published in 1905, Einstein showed that indirectly haveexperimental evidence the existence of quanta of light. With the concept of thislight quanta, Einstein formulated the equation that connects between thepotential verge of Uo with chaya monochromatic v used for illuminatingcathode, i.e. = eUo-hv-W. Terhadapa this equation, Einstein wrote, "If the results of the penerunan equation is correct, then the Uo that plots graph by made inCartesian coordinates as a function of the frequency of the Judy that emanated, shall accrue to a linear, the slope of this line is not affected by the type ofcathode materials that we use in the experiment."
Eleven years later, in 1916, the possession of the experiment results fit with Einstein's equations. Possession of, as well as otherphysicists at the time, received the equation derived by Einstein, but refuse the hypothesis of light quanta. In the opening sentence of his paper, Milkan says, "Einstein's photoelectric equation ... cannot in my view be seen now as the endof the quest a number of grounding theory satisfying."
Over terhadapa phenomena elucidation of this fotolistik effect, in 1921, AlbertEinstein is awarded the nobel prize in physics by The Royal Academy of science in Sweden.
in a statement the photoelectric effect on the top there are the conclusions put forward by Einstein's "light quanta (photons) as"
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